It will detail the creation and restoration of archives, including operation over a network. Before continuing users are encouraged to read the TerminalHowto page which explains many basic concepts related to working with a terminal. Improper usage of any archival program can cause unintended data loss. Read the entire tutorial before proceeding and understand what you are doing. Preparing for Backup In preparation for a complete backup of the system, it is a good idea to empty the trash and remove any unwanted files and programs from your current installation.
This includes the home folder which can be filled with many files not needed. Doing so will reduce the size of the archive created in relation to how much space is liberated. A quick list of examples is below, decide for yourself what applies: Delete all your emails.
Wipe your saved browser personal details and search history. If you are not worried about the security concerns, this step is not necessary. Many users explicitly want backups of their email and browser settings. Unmount any external drives and remove any optical media such as CDs or DVDs that you do not want to include in the backup. This will reduce the amount of exclusions you need to type later in the process.
Some directories require root or superuser permissions to read and write needed for backup , for an explanation on why see FilePermissions. To gain temporary root permission, simply preface any command you want to issue with sudo, as explained in RootSudo. For this example, we will change directories to root. This is where the backup will be made. This is an arbitrary decision, you should create the backup elsewhere.
For instance to a mounted external hard drive, another partition or disk connected internally, even a folder in your home directory could be used. In all cases, ensure the location your saving the archive to has enough space.
Simply use the cd command to navigate there. Save your changes, and a daily incremental backup is ready to use. Cron only functions if your system is running. With web servers, this should be the case anyway. But if you plan to set the script for the backup of your PC or laptop, then you need to make sure that the device is also running at every day.
One possibility for avoiding this is offered by anacron. This program delays the planned action to a time when the device is active again. Nobody would ever wish it upon anyone, but sometimes the worst happens and your system needs to be completely restored. With tar, this is also relatively easily done and requires no additional script. In the console, enter these command lines:. Since you numbered them consecutively with the creation of the archives, the backups are reloaded one after another — starting with the oldest.
This is important: In the archives created after the full backup, there are newer file versions. This is the actual point of an incremental backup: The complete restoration of the system. Go about this in two steps:. In this first step, you also rely on a for loop, which is used for searching and not for extracting:. Now remember the path to the file and build another loop that will restore the last saved version:. Server backups are the best way to save vital data from your online projects and avoid losing data.
A sophisticated backup strategy including all terminal devices is essential, especially in server environments. To do so, you need reliable backup programs. In addition to software solutions and online services, which are often very expensive, free applications like rsync offer an alternative. We use emails every day in the office, as one of our principle forms of communication.
So what are you supposed to do with the mountain of emails backlogged over the years? The answer is email archiving. Archiving and compressing files contributes positively to the security and stability of a system.
For Linux and other unix-like systems, there are countless free programs with which you can create unaltered or compressed archive files over the command line and extract them as well.
One of the classic packing programs for Linux is tar. Today, the tool still counts as one of the leading archiving If you want to optimize your website in terms of performance and usability, you need to know a thing or two about compression. A useful tool is gzip, a compression process, which all current web servers CronJobs automate administrative processes such as system maintenance, monitoring storage space and scheduling backups — completely automatic and in the background of the system.
This makes CronJobs ideal for computers that have to function around the clock, such as servers. Find out here where and how CronJobs are used. With a real estate website, you can set yourself apart from the competition With the right tools, a homepage for tradesmen can be created quickly and legally compliant How does tar work?
Install tar With Ubuntu, tar should already be preinstalled. The tar-doc package is optional: It contains documentation of the archiving program. Use tar If you would like to use tar, simply employ this syntax. The tar options are as follows:. To add another file to an archive which has to be uncompressed , enter the following command:. How does a tar backup function? Create a simple backup with tar It makes sense for your security strategy if you create a backup script for the archiving of your system instead of simply doing the archiving by hand.
Learn more. How to compare the content of a tarball with a folder Ask Question. Asked 9 years, 11 months ago. Active 7 months ago. Viewed 27k times. Improve this question. Steve Steve 1 1 gold badge 3 3 silver badges 5 5 bronze badges.
Add a comment. Active Oldest Votes. Tipp: This works with compressed tar. Improve this answer. So I think the question should be rephrased and this answer accepted — Simon C. Ask Question. Asked 5 years, 9 months ago. Active 5 years, 9 months ago. Viewed 4k times.
I know I can perform progressive incremental backups with tar using snapshots, I am doing something like this for the directory I want to create a backup for: tar cpf progressive.
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