Offline forward converter design

Further, by storing … Expand. Design of a nondissipative turn-off snubber in a forward converter. PESC '88 Record. The design of a nondissipative turn-off lC snubber for a forward converter is described. The operation of a forward converter with an LC snubber is first examined.

The energy loss in the switching … Expand. View 3 excerpts, references background and methods. Analysis and optimization of a nondissipative LC turn-off snubber. A nondissipative LC turn-off snubber is used to reduce the voltage stress on a switching transistor, which is caused by the energy stored in the transformer leakage inductance.

A detailed analysis of … Expand. View 2 excerpts, references background and methods. PESC 98 Record. This paper presents a nondissipative snubber forward power converter.

As result of this topology, the switching losses are reduced. The proposed approach allows one to obtain better operating … Expand. View 1 excerpt, references background. Nondissipative turn-off snubber alleviates switching power dissipation, second-breakdown stress and VCE overshoot: Analysis, design procedure and experimental verification.

A nondissipative, resonant turn-off snubber eliminates the power dissipation of the traditional R-C-diode snubber, while providing protection against transistor breakdown from energy stored in the … Expand. View 2 excerpts, references methods. A forward converter of interleaved series input and parallel output ISIPO structure is proposed in this paper.

Theoretical analysis indicates that by using two auxiliary diodes and the unique … Expand. Clamp voltage analysis for RCD forward converters. APEC A detailed, in depth analysis of the RCD clamped forward converter is performed. Parameters that affect the clamp voltage are examined and the critical parameters are identified. The analysis … Expand. Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design.

Once the switches are opened, energy flowing the tertiary and quaternary diodes flows back into the source. Compared to the single switch topology, the two-switch topology does not require the use of a snubber circuit or demagnetizing winding. While forward converters and flyback transformers may look similar, there are several key differences between them. For example:. Forward converters find use in the power supplies of a wide range of equipment and systems, including those for the following industries:.

Forward converters allow industry professionals to transform DC input to higher or lower voltage levels to suit the output demands of the end application. Compared to flyback transformers, they are more efficient and accommodate higher power outputs.

Available in several different designs, they can meet a variety of power requirements and restrictions. At MPS Industries, one of our core specialties is the production of forward transfers and output inductors for forward converters. By working closely with customers, our expert team designs and delivers quality magnetic solutions tailored to their exact needs.

This nature of current waveform creates severe stress on the input mains system and can lead to potential system issues or non-compliance to regulatory standards. Both of these measurements can be performed using PSpice.

This can be done by selecting the Fourier analysis option under simulation setting refer figure You can define voltage node or current through a device, for which this analysis need to be performed.

The results of this analysis can be viewed in the simulation output file. The Fourier analysis result for this VRM at full load condition is given below. Figure Fourier Analysis result at Full load. If you observe these results carefully, you will find that contributions of the even harmonics 2nd, 4th, and so on. This is as expected because current waveform exhibits half wave symmetry.

Similar approach can be used to perform the simulation for various other important VRM specifications, such as:. The design of a switching power converter is only as good as its layout.

This necessitates very close co-ordination between the circuit designer simulation expert and the layout designer throughout the design and prototype phase. Once various design parameters of VRM have been verified, design can be taken to the layout stage. One of the key challenges in Switch mode power supply design implemented on boards is having proper trace width and trace clearances for various connection handling high voltage and high current.

Simulation results can be leveraged to decide proper trace width and clearances as per actual current and voltage through them. This can save prototype testing phase, can help cut down both time to market, and the cost incurred in prototypes. In this design, trace width and trace clearance have been assigned based on simulation results. Trace width calculation for output can be done as following. Trace clearance calculation for nets involving high voltages can be done as following.

In addition to the above two parameters, you can also leverage the simulation results to drive the placement of devices which are dissipating power and keeping temperature sensitive parameters in different zone. Using these models, designers can simulate complete closed loop systems and fine-tune transient response of a system. Tight integration of OrCAD tools facilitate design flow tasks and offer several advantages to designers. Some of these advantages are:.

These advantages are amplified when teams or vendors distributed across the globe adopt the same tools and the same approach. All rights reserved. All others are properties of their respective holders. Terms of Use Privacy.

Skip to main content. App Notes Here you will find out latest app notes. Single Switch Forward Converter Category:. Market Segment:. Limitation This is a conceptual design created to demonstrate capabilities of the tool. Simulation of VRM Tool Simulation with Ideal Components First step of the design procedure is to verify block-level implementation and gather high-level specification for various devices required for real life implementation.

Figure 5: Current Through Various Power Devices Simulation with Real Devices After identifying the various device ratings, you will replace the ideal devices with actual models, and perform simulation and measurement for various design parameters. Figure 8: Line regulation - Current through various power devices You can also simulate the design at light load condition to check if continuous conduction mode CCM is maintained for complete range of operation.

To perform this measurement under various load conditions, simulation setup includes parametric sweep for load Figure 9: Input Line variation r esistance. Figure Parametric Sweep-Simulation of Various Load Conditions Simulation results after configuring design and running the analysis are shown in figure Similar approach can be adopted for estimation of power loss in other devices. Figure Switch Power Loss Calculation of Efficiency You can directly calculate the average power drawn from a source using the average function and delivered to load.

Figure Additional circuit to simulate step load responce Figure Step Response These responses would also depend upon feedback loop response and bandwidth.

You can also view the Fourier spectrum of any waveform loaded in probe. Trace Width Calculation Trace width calculation for output can be done as following. Trace Clearance Calculation Trace clearance calculation for nets involving high voltages can be done as following. Driving Other PCB Layout Parameters from Simulation In addition to the above two parameters, you can also leverage the simulation results to drive the placement of devices which are dissipating power and keeping temperature sensitive parameters in different zone.

Some of these advantages are: Reduces design-cycle and time-to-market. Allows exchange of information in electronic format, thereby improving communication and reducing errors.